Saturday, January 13, 2007

Sh'mot notes

Here are a few of my thoughts concerning the first parsha of Exodus (Sh'mot).

Politics, part 1

Okay, let’s start with Rabbi Hertz’s assertion that the new pharaoh (pretended that he) didn’t know Joseph/Yosef because Yosef had worked for the Hyksos, a group of Asiatic conquerors, and the local yokels had regained control of their government.

Essentially, this made Yosef a collaborator, and probably tarred his entire family’s reputation by association, thus creating an excuse for the entire family to suffer collective punishment.

Politics, part 2

It can also be argued that the new Egyptian government’s attitude toward B’nei Yakov (Jacob’s children) was a literally classic case of xenophobia, fear of foreigners. It behooves those of us who are United States citizens to remember that a huge proportion of American Jewry is probably not more than 2-3 generations “off the boat” ourselves, and to give really careful thought to legislation concerning immigration, from which our ancestors and/or we have benefited.

Shifrah and Puah

Now those were two gutsy women. They put their lives on the line by refusing to kill the male Hebrew newborns.

A gruesome thought

“. . . and she saw that he was good (ki tov hu), and she hid him three months.” Parshat Sh’mot, Exodus, chapter 2, verse 2.

What exactly did it mean, in those days, to “see that a child was good”? And if she’d seen that the child wasn’t "good . . .?” Did our ancestors follow the gruesome practice of “exposing” visibly-disabled newborns, abandoning them outdoors to die?

Pharoah’s daughter

Adopting a Hebrew baby boy was a gutsy move, but how did she get away with it?

Miriam

Nice strategy, offering her own and her brother’s mother as his wet nurse. Gutsy, too.

Moses the shepherd

Um, folks, Moshe was raised in a palace. When did he learn to be a shepherd?

Aaron enters the picture

Question A: Just how long was Moshe nursed by his mother, that 1) Moshe actually knew that he had a brother named Aharon, and that 2) Aharon knew that Moshe the Egyptian Prince was actually his brother?

Question B: What kind of slavery was this, that Aharon could just nonchalantly take a few days personal leave to meet his brother in the wilderness?

Haftarat Sh’mot

For Sefardim: Never looked before, and boy, was I surprised—it’s exactly the same as Haftarat Matot. (Full disclosure: I’d be able to spot that one in my sleep—I’ve chanted it almost every year for roughly two decades.)

For Ashkenazim: I said this years ago in a d’var Torah ("word of Torah," Torah discussion) and I’ll say it again—“For with stammering lips and a strange tongue shall it be spoken to this people” describes the speech of a person with a speech impediment. This may be the sort of thing that’s more likely to catch the eye of the mother of a hard-of-hearing child who spent sixteen years in speech therapy.


Aharon is an interpreter for a person with a speech impediment. As often happens, those who interact frequently with a person with a speech impediment eventually learn to understand his/her speech directly. Notice that, by partway through Vaera (next week’s parsha), Moshe is speaking for himself.

9 Comments:

Anonymous Anonymous said...

Your question about what kind of slavery would allow Aaron to just go off and meet his brother is the same question I asked my rabbi last year.

Now it could be he just took off, but hey, he and Moses got an audience with Pharoah, which again seems kind of strange for slaves...

Tue Jan 16, 07:10:00 AM 2007  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Another comment regarding Aaron. We are told in great detail of the magnitude of the event in which Moses speaks with God - and we can speculate the shock associated with such an event.

Then we are told non-chalantly that God speaks to Aaron and tells him to meet Moses in the wilderness. I don't knwo about you, but when I was reading the passage about God's first appearance to Moses, I was under the impression that this is an unprecedented and tremendous event that hasn't occured before in this generation. The next chapter seems to suggest otherwise. Any thoughts here?

Tue Jan 16, 01:24:00 PM 2007  
Blogger Shira Salamone said...

Yael, you were a year ahead of me. :)

I can't remember where I read this--it's not in the Hertz Chumash's notes--but someone said that easy access to ancient middle-eastern rulers was quite common for commoners.

Daniel, thanks for pointing out that inconsistency--I never noticed that before that, while the conversation between Hashem and Moshe was portrayed as such an "unprecedented and tremendous event," Hashem's conversation with Aharon seems to have been no big deal. That's an excellent observation. If contact between Hashem and the Hebrews was common, why did Hashem find it necessary to resort to a burning bush to get Moshe's attention? If not, why wasn't a bigger deal made of His contact with Aharon? I haven't got a clue. Any takers?

Tue Jan 16, 02:04:00 PM 2007  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Shira:

Great post! Hope it's not too late for a couple of comments:

new pharaoh (pretended that he) didn’t know Joseph/Yosef because Yosef had worked for the Hyksos, a group of Asiatic conquerors, and the local yokels had regained control of their government

I'm a big supporter this theory; it explains a lot of otherwise difficult passages, and also works out perfectly with the chronology. See here for my post on this topic.

I wouldn't exactly use the term "collaborator" though - simply, the Hebrews were allies of the deposed regime. The Hyksos ruled Egypt for hundreds of years, until deposed by the founder of the 18th dynasty. They were naturally friendly with the Hebrews since both were of Semitic descent. And just as naturally, the restored native Egyptian rulers, beginning with the "new Pharaoh" (= new dynasty) mentioned here, would have come down hard on the allies of the regime they deposed.

“. . . and she saw that he was good (ki tov hu), and she hid him three months.” Parshat Sh’mot, Exodus, chapter 2, verse 2.

What exactly did it mean, in those days, to “see that a child was good”? And if she’d seen that the child wasn’t "good . . .?” Did our ancestors follow the gruesome practice of “exposing” visibly-disabled newborns, abandoning them outdoors to die?


It was the Egyptians who were killing (drowning) the babies - as stated in the previous verses - not the Jews themselves! The simplest meaning of "good" here is quiet; i.e., temporarily hide-able from the infanticide squads. When this no longer became practical, Yocheved had to take other, more desperate measures.

Adopting a Hebrew baby boy was a gutsy move, but how did she get away with it?

As the father of a daughter, I know for a fact that princesses always get their way! But seriously, who said she told pop that Moshe was a Jewish baby? She could have claimed he was a foundling of unknown origin.

Question A: Just how long was Moshe nursed by his mother, that 1) Moshe actually knew that he had a brother named Aharon, and that 2) Aharon knew that Moshe the Egyptian Prince was actually his brother?

Question B: What kind of slavery was this, that Aharon could just nonchalantly take a few days personal leave to meet his brother in the wilderness?


These are good questions! For #1, maybe one has to assume that - contra what was depicted in "The Prince of Egypt"! - Moshe had significant, private interaction with his birth family while growing up, and knew all about his ancestry and origins. (Note we are told directly that when grown, he "went out to his people".) Perhaps these meetings included instructions in shepherding; the family business after all!

As for Aaron, he was 83 years old at the time. Maybe even slaves got a bit more slack at that age? Certainly octogenarians can't be much use hauling bricks.

Tue Jan 16, 02:21:00 PM 2007  
Blogger Shira Salamone said...

Elie, thanks so much for your contribution to the conversation. Your own post on this parsha is good reading, indeed.

Everybody and his cousin--see DovBear's linked post--says that Moshe was a quiet baby. To the best of my recollection, our own son was a quiet cryer for only about a month. After that, he wailed like a fire-engine siren. So I admit to being sceptical about Moshe being a quiet cryer for three whole months.

Also, the Egyptians were killing all newborn Hebrew boys indiscriminately, which is not at all what I was talking about. I was asking about the probable treatment of visibly-disabled newborns of either sex on a case-by-case basis, not about killing all the males and saving the females as future "breeders" (if you'll pardon the rather blunt term).

"As the father of a daughter, I know for a fact that princesses always get their way!"

:)

"But seriously, who said she told pop that Moshe was a Jewish baby?" Good point. That's possible, assuming that her servants were willing to keep their mouths shut.

Did Moshe have significant contact with his family as he was growing up? I suppose that's possible. But I think the idea that a boy raised as a prince would even be willing to accept tips on shepherding is stretching it.

I'm not placing any bets on Aharon's age, but I'll accept the possibility that he was too old to be of much use as a manual laborer.

Good points, Elie!

Tue Jan 16, 05:25:00 PM 2007  
Blogger Shira Salamone said...

Okay, okay, I copied the comments into my Word archive and Spell-Check is kvetching, so make that "crier."

Tue Jan 16, 05:28:00 PM 2007  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Elie, thanks so much for your contribution to the conversation. Your own post on this parsha is good reading, indeed.

Thanks you!

To the best of my recollection, our own son was a quiet cryer for only about a month. After that, he wailed like a fire-engine siren. So I admit to being sceptical about Moshe being a quiet cryer for three whole months.

Well, the midrash adds that his birth was significantly premature, so if we take that literally it might account for the longer period of quiet.

But I think the idea that a boy raised as a prince would even be willing to accept tips on shepherding is stretching it.

Alternately, we can simply assume that Jethro/Yisro gave Moshe on-the-job training. It never says he was a shephard before he ran away to Midian.

I'm not placing any bets on Aharon's age, but I'll accept the possibility that he was too old to be of much use as a manual laborer.

His age at the time is stated explicitly as 83; see 7:7.

Tue Jan 16, 06:37:00 PM 2007  
Blogger Shira Salamone said...

Hmm, Moshe was a premie? Well, there's no real proof of that--I tend to take midrashim with a grain of salt--but that might explain his relative quiet.

If Yitro gave Moshe on-the-job training, which seems likely, I certainly hope he was a fast learner.

"His age at the time is stated explicitly as 83; see 7:7." Bingo! Good thing I didn't put the Chumash away, or I would have had to hop over to the bookshelf to get it. Thanks for the chapter-and-verse reference. (I see that that's in Parshat Vaera. If I were well enough to get to shul, I'd be leining maftir and chanting Haftarat Shabbat Rosh Chodesh this Saturday. Bummer! Oh, I'd better remember Yaaleh v'yavo, Hallel, and Musaf Shabbat Rosh Chodesh this Shabbes. The last time Hallel came around on a Shabbat, I almost forget to say it!)

Tue Jan 16, 07:42:00 PM 2007  
Blogger Shira Salamone said...

Eek, *another* spelling error: The correct spelling is "skeptical." That makes two spelling errors in the same paragraph of one of my own comments. One of the dubious pleasures of blogging is embarrassing oneself in the present of an international readership. :(

Tue Jan 16, 08:59:00 PM 2007  

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